📜 Documents to Know
Magna Carta to "Tear down this wall": the founding and primary documents, with key ideas and quizzes.
Primary Sources for the FCLE
The FCLE tests more than definitions. It quotes the Constitution's clauses, presidents' speeches, and founders' letters, shows political cartoons, and asks you to apply principles to new situations. Start here.
§ Key Clauses
29 clauses with exact text, plain meaning, landmark cases, and what each is commonly confused with.
⚖️ Applying the Principles
8 principles with clue words and scenario practice.
🎙️ Presidential Quotes
43 verified quotes from 22 speeches, each tied to a principle.
✉️ Founders' Letters
10 letters and writings, plus the Federalist Papers, and the documents they shaped.
🖼️ Political Cartoons
10 public-domain cartoons with what they reference and the concept behind them.
🏛️ The Constitution and Amendments
Every article and all 27 amendments, each amendment with the Supreme Court cases that defined it.
👩⚖️ Landmark Cases
The Supreme Court cases the FCLE expects you to know.
Practice by source
✏️ Clauses quiz (20 of 117 questions) ✏️ Amendment cases quiz (20 of 144 questions) ✏️ Applying principles quiz (20 of 42 questions)
✏️ Presidential quotes quiz (20 of 66 questions) ✏️ Founders' letters quiz (20 of 52 questions) ✏️ Cartoons quiz (20 of 30 questions)